Phytotoxic Grass Residues Reduce Germination and Initial Root Growth of Ponderosa Pine

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Extracts of green foliage of Arizona fescue and mountain muhly significantly reduced germination of ponderosa pine seeds, and retarded speed of elongation and mean radicle length. Three possible routes of release of the inhibitor were investigated: (1) leaching from live foliage, (2) root exudation, and (3) overwinter leaching from dead residues. The principal route remains uncertain. The ecological implications of the inhibitory substance are discussed.